Ethnic Background, Early History, Society, Culture and Arts, Economy, Government. Tajikistan, literally the "land of the Tajiks," has ancient cultural roots. The people now known as the Tajiks are the Persian speakers of Central Asia, some of whose ancestors inhabited Central Asia (including present-day Afghanistan and western China) at the dawn of history. Despite the long heritage of its indigenous peoples, Tajikistan has existed as a state only since the Soviet Union decreed its existence in 1924. The creation of modern Tajikistan was part of the Soviet policy of giving the outward trappings of political representation to minority nationalities in Central Asia while simultaneously reorganizing or fragmenting communities and political entities. Find out more on this country, the entire Tajikistan culture and tradition, Tajikistan government, Tajikistan travel guide. Tajikistan History and Cultural Information and Travel Guide. Vacation package Book.